Swatt software-based attestation for embedded devices such

Code attestation methods for embedded devices have been proposed without the requirement of physical access to the device or secure hardware 1419. They are based on the traditional secure storage technology that is. Comments on refutation of on the di culty of software. Compared to the previous version of the cipher, and in response to extensive analysis, the internal state has been increased to 128 bits and a flow of. On the difficulty of softwarebased attestation of embedded devices. Tampering with motes realworld physical attacks on wireless sensor networks. Softwarebased attestation for peripherals jonathan mccune.

An adversary can compromise our privacy and safety by maliciously modifying the memory contents of these embedded devices. Distributed softwarebased attestation for node compromise. Attestation of embedded devices introduction paper summary. A checksum was computed from the memory content of the device being challenged. Swatt does not need physical access to the devices memory, yet provides memory content attestation. A comprehensive security analysis of and an implementation framework for embedded software attestation methods leveraging fpgabased systemonachip architectures. Hence, there is the challenge of controlling and trusting the software and information originating from such remote embedded devices. Such systems often rely on information originating from remote embedded devices, which run on commercially available platforms that cannot be assumed to be trusted. Using softwarebased attestation for verifying embedded. We did not consider other techniques, such as pioneer 12 or other protocols for non embedded platforms. If we use swatt to verify code running on embedded systems in a car. Uw computer security and cryptography reading group. To avoid the limitation of the hardware, softwarebased attestation schemes have been developed for legacy systems.

In swatt, attesting devices conduct pseudorandom memory walks based on challenges from verifiers. However, due to the dynamic characteristic of radio context, it is not possible for the base station to. In this paper, we propose a softwarebased attestation technique swatt to verify the memory contents of embedded devices and establish the absence of malicious changes to the memory contents. Several softwarebased attestation techniques have been proposed that either rely on tight time constraints or on the lack of free space to store malicious code. In this paper, we propose a softwarebased attestation technique swatt to verify the memory contents of embedded devices and establish the absence of. Intrinsic code attestation by instruction chaining for. Radio context attestation in cognitive radio network. Swatt does not need physical access to the devices memory, yet provides memory content attestation similar to tcg or ngscb without requiring secure hardware. These methods are ineffective if iot devices are impersonated. Practical analysis framework for softwarebased attestation scheme li li 1, hong hu, jun sun2, yang liu3, and jin song dong1 1 national university of singapore 2 singapore university of technology and design 3 nanyang technological university abstract. Code attestation is instrumental to many applications, such as remote detection of malicious code such as trojan horses and viruses in embedded systems and gives an assurance that critical embedded systems are running the correct code. Our formulation of oei captures the integrity of both control.

A finegrained attestation service for secure distributed systems. However, security guarantees of softwarebased attestation methods rely on strong assumptions, such as the adversary being passive while the attestation. Using softwarebased attestation for verifying embedded systems. In swatt, an external verifier challenges other nodes. Swatt is an external attestation scheme for wsns using pseudorandom memory traversal. Softwarebased attestation could also be used in computer systems 14. On the difficulty of validating voting machine software.

The assumption is that a malicious node will contain at least one line of code that is different than the clean code. Attestation for embedded devices swatt 10 is an example of a softwarebased security solution. Our attacks pertain mainly to the swatt protocol 14 and ice primitive 11, and are limited to embedded devices. In contrast, softwarebased attestation 24,29,47,48 require neither secure hardware nor cryptographic secrets. In this paper, we propose such a purely softwarebased attesta tion. Previous softwarebased remote code verification approaches such as swatt and scuba have been shown difficult to deploy in recent work. Software attestation is a method to externally verify the code run ning on an embedded device, without physical access to the mem ory. Swatt 26 is a method that uses tight timing constraints to identify malware. Secure code update for embedded devices via proofs of secure erasure 21 is a method to. This cited by count includes citations to the following articles in scholar. Code attestation is instrumental to many applica tions, such as remote detection of malicious code such as. Cell phones, pda network printers microcontrollers fire detector, climate monitoring sensor network it relies on an external verifier, because without secure hardware a potentially compromised device can not verify itself correctly. Softwarebased attestation, or swatt, was a method of attestation first introduced in 2004. Citeseerx comments on refutation of on the difficulty.

Subsequently, sheshadri, perrig, van doorn, and khosla proposed another software based attestation technique, swatt, primarily intended for use in embedded devices. Device attestation is an essential feature in many security protocols and applications. In summary, we fully agree that softwarebased attestation is a very useful primitive and o ers previously unachieved properties. Intrinsic code attestation by instruction chaining for embedded devices springerlink. Ghost in the plc designing an undetectable programmable. Air force insitute of technology air university air education and training command. Trusted remote attestation for secure embedded systems. On the reliability of wireless sensors with softwarebased. We present an implementation of swatt in offtheshelf sensor network devices, which enables us to verify the contents of the program memory even while the sensor node is running. In swatt, the verifier sends a challenge request to remote devices, which activates the verification procedure on remote.

More powerful devices equipped with a trusted platform module tpm are verified through trusted hardware while others are verified through softwarebased attestation. Distributed softwarebased attestation for node compromise detection in sensor networks. Piv protocol that verifies the integrity of the program residing in each sensor device whenever the device joins the network or has experienced a long service blockage. Citeseerx citation query helix fast encryption and. Critical infrastructures such as oil and gas pipelines, the electric power grid, and railways, rely on the proper operation of supervisory control and data acquisition. In summary, we fully agree that softwarebased attestation is a very useful primitive and offers previously unachieved. In this paper we present a novel approach to ensure that no malicious code can be executed on resource constraint devices such as sensor nodes or embedded devices. Two types of attestation for lowresource devices are softwarebased attestation 4649 and attestation based on minimal embedded security architecture 5052. Softwarebased attestation for embedded devices swatt is based. The heart of piv is the novel randomized hash function.

In this paper, we propose and implement a remote attestation protocol for detecting unauthorized tampering in the application codes running on sensor nodes with the assistance of trusted platform modules tpms. More importantly, a technique that works entirely in software can be used on legacy devices. Swatt does not need physical access to the device s memory, yet provides memory content at. The lack of dedicated hardware and the impossibility to physically access devices to be attested, makes attestation of embedded devices, in applications such as wireless sensor networks, a prominent challenge. The novelty that this method provides is that, in addition to the checksum result itself, the verifier uses the time it took the node to respond as validation. Towards a lowcost remote memory attestation for the smart. Reliability of wireless sensors with code attestation for intrusion detection. Keyphrases softwarebased attestation sensor node offtheshelfsensor network device program memory. In the work at hand we investigate in detail the trustability of a purely softwarebased remote code attestation based inference mechanism over the wireless when e. Like its predecessor hummingbird1, hummingbird2 has been targeted for lowend microcontrollers and for hardware implementation in lightweight devices such as rfid tags and wireless sensors. Softwarebased attestation for embedded devices we expect. We then design and build a system, oat, that enables remote oei attestation for armbased baremetal embedded devices. However, existing attestation solutions, such as swatt 3, incur the. Softwarebased attestation methods for embedded devices have been proposed without the requirement of physical access to the device or secure hardware 38.

Reliability of wireless sensors with code attestation for. We expect a future where we are surrounded by embedded devices, ranging from. Swatt softwarebased attestation for embedded devices. In addition, a randomized memory region for attestation is used in mtra to increase the entropy of the attestation responses. Unpredictable softwarebased attestation solution for node. The nesc language a holistic approach to networked embedded systems.